The Extended Stay of Boeing’s Starliner Capsule “Calypso” at the International Space Station

Boeing’s Starliner capsule, named “Calypso,” is set to remain at the International Space Station (ISS) for an extended period, according to NASA’s recent announcement. Originally planned for a nine-day mission, Calypso’s stay at the ISS is now expected to last at least 17 days. This extension is necessary for further spacecraft testing, including operating the capsule’s hatch, firing thrusters, and checking cabin air temperature.

Spacecraft Testing and Safe Haven Procedures

During the extended mission, Boeing and NASA will be conducting a variety of tests on Starliner while docked with the ISS. This developmental mission, known as Boeing’s crew flight test, is crucial as it represents the first time that Starliner will carry crew members. As part of the testing, the crew will perform safe haven procedures, where astronauts on the ISS use the spacecraft for shelter during emergencies. NASA has ensured that the spacecraft is cleared for crew emergency return scenarios within the flight rules, preparing for unexpected evacuation situations.

Despite the successful launch and docking of Starliner with the ISS, the mission has encountered several technical challenges. Initially, a single leak in Calypso’s helium propulsion system was identified before launch. While this leak was deemed stable and not a safety threat, the spacecraft later experienced four additional helium leaks since being docked. Additionally, an issue with the spacecraft’s propulsion system, specifically the reaction control system (RCS) engines, arose during docking. While troubleshooting efforts managed to recover four malfunctioning jets, NASA plans to conduct hot fire testing to evaluate thruster performance before undocking.

The crew flight test is considered a final major step before NASA certifies Boeing to fly crew on operational, six-month missions. This certification process is crucial in ensuring the safety and reliability of crewed flights to the ISS. Despite the challenges faced during the mission, Boeing remains confident in the spacecraft’s capabilities and sufficient margin for the return trip. The extended mission duration allows for thorough testing of Starliner’s systems and readiness for future crewed missions.

Boeing’s Starliner was once seen as a competitor to SpaceX’s Dragon in crewed spaceflights to the ISS. However, due to setbacks and delays, Starliner has taken on a backup position for NASA. With SpaceX successfully completing 12 crewed trips to the ISS in the past four years, Boeing is working to address technical challenges and regain its position as a reliable provider of transportation for astronauts to space. NASA plans to have SpaceX and Boeing alternate flights to the ISS, ensuring continued access to the space station for scientific research and crew rotations.

The extended stay of Boeing’s Starliner capsule “Calypso” at the International Space Station presents an opportunity for further spacecraft testing and preparation for crewed missions. Despite technical challenges faced during the mission, Boeing and NASA are working together to ensure the safety and success of future spaceflights. As the space exploration landscape evolves, both Boeing and SpaceX play crucial roles in advancing human spaceflight capabilities and scientific endeavors in low Earth orbit.